Gabonese voters headed to the polls on Saturday to decide on a new constitution that the ruling junta claims will usher in a fresh chapter for the oil-rich nation, ending decades of dynastic rule.
Approximately 860,000 registered voters were presented with a simple choice: a green ballot for “yes” or a red ballot for “no.” The referendum comes amid heavy promotion by authorities on state media and social platforms urging citizens to participate.
Polling began late at several locations in Libreville, with materials still being distributed after the official opening time of 7:00 am. Polls are set to close at 6:00 pm, and turnout is expected to play a critical role in the outcome.
As voting commenced, the junta extended a nightly curfew by two hours, now running from midnight to 5:00 am, for the duration of the electoral process. Officials have yet to clarify when the extended curfew will end.
The proposed constitution introduces significant reforms, including limiting the presidency to two seven-year terms, eliminating the position of prime minister, and banning dynastic power transfers. Presidential candidates would also need to have Gabon-born parents and a Gabonese spouse, effectively barring deposed ruler Ali Bongo Ondimba and his family from future elections.
“We have a date with history,” declared transitional President General Brice Oligui Nguema on X, showcasing his voting card. While Oligui has pledged to transition to civilian rule within two years, he has hinted at plans to run in the presidential election scheduled for August 2025.
Mixed Reactions to Proposed Constitution
Supporters of the new constitution, like Nathalie Badzoko, a 33-year-old civil servant, believe in the junta’s vision, though some admitted they hadn’t reviewed all 173 articles of the proposal. “I have faith in them,” said Badzoko.
Critics, however, argue that the reforms consolidate power for Oligui. The referendum follows Ali Bongo’s overthrow in August 2023, just after he claimed victory in a disputed presidential election. Bongo had ruled for 14 years, succeeding his father, Omar Bongo, who led Gabon for over 41 years. Both were accused of corruption and mismanagement, charges echoed by the junta and opposition leaders.
The interior ministry has pledged transparency in the referendum, inviting international observers absent during the contested 2023 election. Provisional results are expected soon, with final outcomes certified by the constitutional court.
A mid-October Afrobarometer survey found that nearly 87% of respondents believed the country was “heading in the right direction.” However, unemployment, healthcare, infrastructure, security, and rising living costs remain top concerns for voters.
Over 46% of respondents expressed “great confidence” in Oligui, positioning him as the favourite should elections be held now.
